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Table 1 Maternal, delivery and infant characteristics by Global Network Site

From: Rates and risk factors for preterm birth and low birthweight in the global network sites in six low- and low middle-income countries

Characteristic Overall, all sites DRC Zambia Kenya Guatemala Belagavi, India Nagpur, India Pakistan
Deliveries, N 272,192 29,796 33,918 36,166 52,047 40,172 41,894 38,199
Maternal age 272,094 29,767 33,906 36,110 52,047 40,172 41,894 38,198
 < 20 38,388 (14.1) 5744 (19.3) 194 (24.2) 8166 (22.6) 8915 (17.1) 4684 (11.7) 981 (2.3) 1704 (4.5)
 20–35 219,304 (80.6) 21,493 (72.2) 22,992 (67.8) 26,402 (73.1) 37,865 (72.8) 35,360 (88.0) 40,701 (97.2) 34,491 (90.3)
 > 35 14,402 (5.3) 2530 (8.5) 2720 (8.0) 1,542 (4.3) 5267 (10.1) 128 (0.3) 212 (0.5) 2003 (5.2)
Maternal education 272,095 29,795 33,910 36,119 52,047 40,170 41,858 38,196
 No formal education 58,512 (21.5) 11,278 (37.9) 2509 (7.4) 528 (1.5) 6428 (12.4) 5236 (13.0) 1296 (3.1) 31,237 (81.8)
 Primary/secondary 195,792 (72.0) 18,450 (61.9) 30,903 (91.1) 32,458 (89.9) 42,076 (80.8) 31,346 (78.0) 34,140 (81.6) 6419 (16.8)
 University+  17,791 (6.5) 67 (0.2) 498 (1.5) 3133 (8.7) 3543 (6.8) 3588 (8.9) 6422 (15.3) 540 (1.4)
Parity 270,083 29,795 33,915 36,124 52,046 40,170 41,867 36,166
 0 84,753 (31.4) 5,598 (18.8) 10,454 (30.8) 11,737 (32.5) 15,479 (29.7) 14,585 (36.3) 20,804 (49.7) 6,096 (16.9)
 1–2 113,835 (42.1) 9350 (31.4) 13,300 (39.2) 14,136 (39.1) 20,972 (40.3) 22,795 (56.7) 20,239 (48.3) 13,043 (36.1)
 > 2 71,495 (26.5) 14,847 (49.8) 10,161 (30.0) 10,251 (28.4) 15,595 (30.0) 2,790 (6.9) 824 (2.0) 17,027 (47.1)
Antenatal iron/calcium/vitamins 272,136 29,790 33,918 36,166 52,044 40,166 41,854 38,198
 Received any 260,290 (95.6) 28,087 (94.3) 33,847 (99.8) 35,558 (98.3) 50,117 (96.3) 39,474 (98.3) 41,751 (99.8) 31,456 (82.3)
Tetanus toxoid immunization received 272,079 29,789 33,917 36,166 51,967 40,170 41,871 38,199
 Yes 230,906 (84.9) 26,108 (87.6) 30,911 (91.1) 32,884 (90.9) 39,514 (76.0) 40,117 (99.9) 41,791 (99.8) 19,581 (51.3)
 At least one ANC visit 272,155 29,796 33,918 36,164 52,036 40,171 41,872 38,198
 Yes 266,816 (98.0) 28,775 (96.6) 33,889 (99.9) 35,826 (99.1) 49,841 (95.8) 40,159 (100.0) 41,763 (99.7) 36,563 (95.7)
Number of ANC visits 271,910 29,758 33,916 36,138 51,961 40,166 41,798 38,173
 0 5339 (2.0) 1021 (3.4) 29 (0.1) 338 (0.9) 2195 (4.2) 12 (0.0) 109 (0.3) 1635 (4.3)
 1–3 102,119 (37.6) 14,790 (49.7) 17,978 (53.0) 15,044 (41.6) 16,968 (32.7) 10,642 (26.5) 5,415 (13.0) 21,282 (55.8)
 4+ 164,452 (60.5) 13,947 (46.9) 15,909 (46.9) 20,756 (57.4) 32,798 (63.1) 29,512 (73.5) 36,274 (86.8) 15,256 (40.0)
Obstructive labor 272,180 29,796 33,918 36,166 52,045 40,171 41,885 38,199
 Yes 14,021 (5.2) 438 (1.5) 869 (2.6) 1148 (3.2) 2271 (4.4) 3433 (8.5) 468 (8.3) 2394 (6.3)
Severe antepartum hemorrhage 272,179 29,796 33,917 36,166 52,043 40,171 41,887 38,199
Yes 1361 (0.5) 60 (0.2) 162 (0.5) 202 (0.6) 124 (0.2) 179 (0.4) 71 (0.2) 563 (1.5)
Severe postpartum hemorrhage 270,473 29,786 33,368 35,377 52,015 40,170 41,558 38,199
 Yes 3041 (1.1) 178 (0.6) 189 (0.6) 438 (1.2) 426 (0.8) 639 (1.6) 66 (0.2) 1105 (2.9)
Hypertensive disorders 272,108 29,744 33,913 36,165 52,032 40,171 41,887 38,196
 Yes 5904 (2.2) 12 (0.0) 284 (0.8) 150 (0.4) 2069 (4.0) 1538 (3.8) 983 (2.3) 868 (2.3)
Fetal malpresentation 272,154 29,774 33,917 36,163 52,044 40,171 41,886 38,199
 Yes 4564 (1.7) 108 (0.4) 196 (0.6) 260 (0.7) 1499 (2.9) 653 (1.6) 755 (1.8) 1093 (2.9)
Sex of the baby 272,177 29,794 33,915 36,166 52,043 40,169 41,892 38,198
 Female 132,674 (48.7) 14,351 (48.2) 16,794 (49.5) 18,026 (49.8) 25,428 (48.9) 19,391 (48.3) 20,141 (48.1) 18,543 (48.5)
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Reproductive Health

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