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Characteristica
|
N(%) by maternal status
|
Total
|
Risk Ratio(95% CI)b
|
|---|
| |
Women who died
|
Women alive six weeks after delivery
| | |
|---|
|
Deliveries, N
|
842
|
570,479
|
571,321
| |
|
No antenatal care (vs. any antenatal care)
|
62/834 (7.4)
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20,426/570,105 (3.6)
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20,488/570,939 (3.6)
|
1.6 (1.1, 2.4)
|
|
Fewer than 4 antenatal care visits (vs. > 4 visits)
|
339/605 (56.0)
|
201,105/447,076 (45.0)
|
201,444/447,681 (45.0)
|
1.3 (1.1, 1.7)
|
|
Birth attendant
|
620
|
570,351
|
570,971
| |
|
Physician
|
291 (46.9)
|
203,294 (35.6)
|
203,585 (35.7)
|
1.0
|
|
Nurse/Midwife/Health worker
|
131 (21.1)
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203,325 (35.6)
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203,456 (35.6)
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0.4 (0.3, 0.5)
|
|
Traditional birth attendant
|
134 (21.6)
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119,738 (21.0)
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119,872 (21.0)
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0.5 (0.4, 0.7)
|
|
Family/Self/Other
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64 (10.3)
|
43,994 (7.7)
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44,058 (7.7)
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0.8 (0.6, 1.0)
|
|
Delivery location
|
623
|
570,402
|
571,025
| |
|
Hospital
|
335 (53.8)
|
244,926 (42.9)
|
245,261 (43.0)
|
1.0
|
|
Clinic/health center
|
113 (18.1)
|
170,980 (30.0)
|
171,093 (30.0)
|
0.4 (0.3, 0.5)
|
|
Home/other
|
175 (28.1)
|
154,496 (27.1)
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154,671 (27.1)
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0.6 (0.5, 0.8)
|
|
Delivery mode
|
612
|
545,759
|
546,371
| |
|
Vaginal
|
424 (69.3)
|
466,355 (85.5)
|
466,779 (85.4)
|
1.0
|
|
Vaginal assisted
|
19 (3.1)
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5364 (1.0)
|
5383 (1.0)
|
3.3 (1.7, 6.5)
|
|
Caesarean section
|
169 (27.6)
|
74,040 (13.6)
|
74,209 (13.6)
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2.7 (2.3, 3.3)
|
|
Obstructed labor
|
148/697 (21.2)
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44,947/569,869 (7.9)
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45,095/570,566 (7.9)
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3.0 (2.3, 3.9)
|
|
Fetal Malpresentation
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45/692 (6.5)
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11,253/569,773 (2.0)
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11,298/570,465 (2.0)
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3.3 (2.4, 4.4)
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|
Severe antepartum hemorrhage
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71/695 (10.2)
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8783/569,937 (1.5)
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8854/570,632 (1.6)
|
6.7 (5.0, 9.0)
|
|
Hypertensive disorders
|
156/688 (22.7)
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14,650/569,679 (2.6)
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14,806/570,367 (2.6)
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10.6 (8.5, 13.2)
|
|
Maternal treatment provided
|
|
Maternal antibiotics
|
350/559 (62.6)
|
229,932/464,473 (49.5)
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230,282/465,032 (49.5)
|
2.3 (1.8, 2.9)
|
|
Corticosteroids
|
43/439 (9.8)
|
10,225/413,905 (2.5)
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10,268/414,344 (2.5)
|
4.0 (2.8, 5.9)
|
|
Oxytocics (including Misoprostol)
|
344/556 (61.9)
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308,315/463,555 (66.5)
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308,659/464,111 (66.5)
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0.9 (0.7, 1.1)
|
|
Blood transfusion
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186/560 (33.2)
|
9789/464,309 (2.1)
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9975/464,869 (2.1)
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20.9 (16.0, 27.2)
|
|
Removal of retained products
|
45/558 (8.1)
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20,750/464,252 (4.5)
|
20,795/464,810 (4.5)
|
2.1 (1.4, 3.1)
|
|
Anticonvulsants/Magnesium sulfate
|
60/553 (10.8)
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5692/464,277 (1.2)
|
5752/464,830 (1.2)
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9.8 (7.2, 13.4)
|
|
V Fluids
|
182/258 (70.5)
|
90,672/173,017 (52.4)
|
90,854/173,275 (52.4)
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2.4 (1.7, 3.4)
|
|
Forceps/vacuum
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13/254 (5.1)
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1908/172,354 (1.1)
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1921/172,608 (1.1)
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4.3 (2.4, 7.7)
|
|
Other surgery/treatment
|
22/255 (8.6)
|
9830/172,810 (5.7)
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9852/173,065 (5.7)
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1.7 (1.1, 2.7)
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- a The denominator used to determine the percentage of women with each characteristic varies due to missing data
- b Risk ratios were generated from models evaluating the outcome of women who died vs women who were alive six weeks after delivery. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the relationship of potential factors and maternal mortality and to develop point and interval estimates of relative risk associated with these factors. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for the correlation of outcomes within cluster to develop appropriate confidence intervals. Unless otherwise noted, the reference group is women who did not have the listed characteristic
